New Delhi: The number of employed persons in the country grew by 34.35 percent to 12.77 crore in eight years to 2013, according to the Sixth Economic Census.
Employment in urban parts increased by 37.46 percent to 6.14 crore in 2013, whereas in rural areas the growth was 31.59 percent to 6.62 crore compared to 2005.
The proportion of women in total workforce rose to 25.56 percent in 2013 from about 20 percent in 2005. In urban areas, the proportion of female workers was 19.8 percent and 30.9 percent in rural areas.
Maharashtra has the maximum number of employees at 1.43 crore, followed by Uttar Pradesh at 1.37 crore, West Bengal at 1.15 crore, Tamil Nadu 1.08 crore and Gujarat at 90.63 lakh.
Among union territories, Delhi has the maximum number of employees at 29.84 lakh followed by Chandigarh at 2.38 lakh and Puducherry at 2.17 lakh in 2013.
The country's population was over 121 crore in 2011, according to 2011 census.
The Economic Census does not include employment in agriculture, public administration, defence and compulsory social security services activities.
When asked about employment scenario, National Statistical Commission Chairman Pronab Sen said, "The growth in employment at 34 percent in eight years period is a good rate. That means that it had grown at an annual rate of over 4 percent when the population is growing at 2 percent."
The number of establishments or firms increased by 41.73 percent to 5.84 crore in 2013 over 2005 level. The number of firms grew by 45.57 during eight years to 2.34 crore in urban areas. Such firms grew by 39.28 percent to 3.5 crore in rural areas during the period.
According to the Sixth Economic Census, the percentage of hired workers in the entire workforce was 45.69 percent in 2013.
The percentage of hired workers was higher at 57.59 percent in urban parts compared to 34.67 percent in rural areas.
It revealed that 1.1 crore establishments were outside household without fixed structures including 46.46 lakh in cities and 73.33 lakh in rural areas.
Across the country, 20.49 percent establishments were outside household without fixed structures. The proportion was 19.81 percent in cities and 20.94 percent in villages in 2013.
The business units dealing with handicrafts or handlooms were just 3.75 percent of the total establishments in the country. The proportion of such firms was 3.83 percent in cities and 3.69 percent in villages.
Among states, Uttar Pradesh has the maximum number of Establishments at 67 lakh followed by Maharashtra at 61.25 lakh, West Bengal at 59 lakh, Tamil Nadu at 50.52 lakh and Andhra Pradesh at 42.37 lakh.
Among union territories, Delhi has the maximum number of establishment at 8.93 lakh followed by Chandigarh at 83,964 and Puducherry at 59,309.
In terms of percentage growth in total number of establishments, the highest growth rate was recorded in Manipur at 109.37 percent followed by 102.92 percent in Sikkim, 100.17 percent in Assam, 78.74 percent in Nagaland and 78.70 percent in Telangana.
In terms of percentage growth in total employment during the eight years period in review, number of workers grew at higher rate of 83.29 percent in Manipur followed by 78.84 percent in Assam, 77.14 percent in Sikkim, 75.26 percent in Uttar Pradesh and 68.81 percent in Himachal Pradesh.
The Central Statistics Office (CSO) in the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) conducted the Sixth Economic Census during January, 2013 to April, 2014 in collaboration with Directorates of Economics and Statistics in all the states and union territories.
The first Economic Census was conducted in 1977 covering only non-agricultural establishments employing at least one hired worker on a fairly regular basis.
The second and third Economic Censuses were conducted in 1980 and 1990 along with house listing operations of 1981 and 1991 Population Censuses respectively.
These two Economic Censuses covered all agricultural and non-agricultural establishments except those engaged in crop production and plantation.
The fourth and fifth Economic Censuses were carried out in 1998 and 2005 respectively with the same coverage.
