Sydney: The Great Barrier Reef, which is the world's largest coral reef system, off the coast of Queensland in northeastern Australia have recorded the biggest ever die-off because of the higher than normal water temperatures, scientists said
Scientists who surveyed the reef said, the warm seas around the Great Barrier Reef have killed two-thirds of a 700-km (435 miles) stretch of coral in the past nine months and the worst die-off ever recorded on the World Heritage site.
According to a 2013 Deloitte Access Economics report, the finding of the die-off in the reef's north is a major blow for tourism at reef which attracts about A$5.2 billion ($3.9 billion) in spending each year.
"The coral is essentially cooked," professor Andrew Baird, a researcher at James Cook University who was part of the reef surveys, told Reuters by telephone from Townsville in Australia's tropical north.
He said the die-off was "almost certainly" the largest ever recorded anywhere because of the size of the Barrier Reef, which at 348,000 sq km (134,400 sq miles) is the biggest coral reef in the world.
Bleaching occurs when the water is too warm, forcing coral to expel living algae and causing it to calcify and turn white. Mildly bleached coral can recover if the temperature drops and the survey found this occurred in southern parts of the reef, where coral mortality was much lower.
While bleaching occurs naturally, scientists are concerned that rising sea temperatures caused by global warming magnifies the damage, leaving sensitive underwater ecosystems unable to recover.
UNESCO's World Heritage Committee stopped short of placing the Great Barrier Reef on an "in danger" list last May but asked the Australian government for an update on its progress in safeguarding the reef.
Australia will lodge that update on Friday, said a spokesman for Environment Minister Josh Frydenberg. In June, during an election campaign, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull promised A$1 billion in spending to protect the reef.
Climate scientists have argued that increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps heat radiating from earth, creating global warming. Australia is one of the largest carbon emitters per capita because of its reliance on coal-fired power plants for electricity.
Environmentalist Charlie Wood, director of 350.org, an anti-fossil fuels movement said "Climate change is killing the Great Barrier Reef".
Wood in an emailed statement said, ''The continued mining and burning of coal, oil and gas is irreparably damaging the climate. If we want our kids to enjoy the Great Barrier Reef for generations to come, we must act now to keep fossil fuels in the ground".
(With Agency inputs)
